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  • The Origins of Human Stigmergic Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 7 traces the origin of human stigmergic problem-solving back to the invention of writing. Knowledge could now be stored, reused and made accessible to others. A human collective memory was established which also ...
  • What Is Collective Intelligence? 

    Baltzersen, Rolf Kristian (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 1 introduces collective intelligence (CI) as an academic concept. At a basic level, CI extends the conception of intelligence from an individual to a group level. Pierre Lévy formulated the modern version in 1994, ...
  • The Origins of Collaborative Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 9 argues that the origins of collaborative problem solving can be traced back to mutual collaboration, which built on the evolution of more advanced forms of gestural communication. Elaborative collaborative ...
  • Motivation to Contribute 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 14 explores what motivates individuals to contribute to CI projects. If we think CI can benefit society, we need to understand what motivates individuals to engage in collective problems solving. However, both the ...
  • The Origins of Human Swarm Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 5 argues that the origins of human swarm problem solving can be traced back to group hunting which required rapid problem solving during the hunt, but also planning activities. Collective actions build on synchronization ...
  • Human Stigmergic Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 6 presents human stigmergic problem solving as a distinct “solution-centered” subtype of CI with biological antecedents in the trail laying and nest building of ants. Stigmergy describe how many individuals agents ...
  • Open Online Knowledge Sharing 

    Baltzersen, Rolf Kristian (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 3 addresses open online knowledge sharing. Open sharing is becoming more important in all major sectors in society, including science, politics, education and innovation, knowledge products (videos, textbooks and ...
  • Intelligent Engagement 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 10 analyzes the relationship between citizen participation and citizen expertise, particularly in the political domain. New types of intelligent citizen engagement are emerging like mass deliberation, mass voting, ...
  • Intelligent Evaluations 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 11 address how contributions are combined in different ways when designing CI. One approach utilize many different perspectives on the same work, like in collective work on the same Wikipedia article. Multidisciplinary ...
  • Intelligent Contributions 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 11 address how contributions are combined in different ways when designing CI. One approach utilize many different perspectives on the same work, like in collective work on the same Wikipedia article. Multidisciplinary ...
  • Crowdsourcing 

    Baltzersen, Rolf Kristian (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 2 describes crowdsourcing, a process where problems are sent outside an organization to a large group of people—a crowd—who can help provide solutions. Online citizen science and online innovation contests are of ...
  • The Intelligent Society 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 15 concludes by describe two radically different future visions of the intelligent society. On one hand, instrumentarian intelligence assumes that algorithms tracking human behavior can predict human behavior more ...
  • Collaborative Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 8 proposes collaborative problem solving as one of three distinct types of CI. Collaborative problem solving covers a wide range of disciplines and contexts, but this chapter primarily draws on studies that have ...
  • COVID-19 as a Wicked Problem 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 13 describe COVID-19 as a wicked problem and show how different CI-mechanisms have been used to cope with the pandemic. The first CI-mechanism is the transparent information flows during the pandemic. Knowledge is ...
  • Human Swarm Problem Solving 

    Baltzersen, Rolf Kristian (Chapter, 2022)
    Chapter 4 discusses human swarm problem solving as a distinct subtype of CI with biological antecedents in nest siting among honeybees and flocking behavior. Building on recent biological research, this chapter discusses ...
  • Cultural-Historical Perspectives on Collective Intelligence 

    Baltzersen, Rolf K. (Current Perspectives in Social and Behavioral Sciences;, Book; Peer reviewed, 2022-01)
    In the era of digital communication, collective problem solving is increasingly important. Large groups can now resolve issues together in completely different ways, which has transformed the arts, sciences, business, ...
  • Use of videos in the Information and Communication Technology Massive Open Online Course: Insights for learning and development of transformative digital agency with pre- and in-service teachers in Norway 

    Engeness, Irina; Nohr, Magnus; Singh, Ammar Bahadur; Mørch, Anders Irving (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
    This study examines how videos may support participants’ learning in the Information and Communication Technology Massive Open Online Course (ICTMOOC) aimed to develop digital skills with pre- and in-service teachers in ...
  • Cooperative Learning: The Power of Positive Interdependence in Storyline 

    Karlsen, Kristine Høeg; Høeg, Heidi Remberg; Høeg, Ellen (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2020)
    Chapter 1. This chapter examines student teachers’ experience regarding cooperative learn-ing which was set up for a Storyline. The data consist of group interviews with a total of 22 students, along with the passive ...
  • The Fairy-Tale Forest: Developing Pedagogical Content Knowledge for teaching Primary School Mathematics in The Scottish Storyline Approach 

    Karlsen, Kristine Høeg; Berggren, Stein Arnold; Ludvigsen, Ali Reza; Næsje, Ragnhild Louise (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2020)
    Chapter 8. This study focuses on the development of mathematical pedagogical content knowl-edge when implementing Storyline as a narrative approach to organising cross-curricu-lar learning for student teachers to become ...
  • Story-based Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning: A Systematic Mapping of the Research Literature on The Scottish Storyline Approach 

    Karlsen, Kristine Høeg; Lockhart-Pedersen, Virginia (Chapter; Peer reviewed, 2020)
    Chapter 19. In recent years, there has been an increased research interest in Storyline as an alternative and student-centred approach to teaching across the curriculum. The Storyline Approach is assumed to benefit students’ ...

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